Бартитсу — это смешанное боевое искусство и система самозащиты, разработанная в Англии в 1898—1902 годах. В 1901 году его увековечил (под именем «баритсу») писатель Артур Конан Дойль, в своем рассказе «Пустой дом» из цикла «Возвращение Шерлока Холмса». Бартитсу оставалось забытым большую часть двадцатого столетия, но начиная с 2002 года переживает период своего возрождения.
История
В 1898 году, британский инженер Эдвард Уильям
Согласно описанию, данному создателем в серии статей, опубликованных в Pearson’s Magazine в 1899—1901 годах, основой бартитсу является
Ближе к велосипедной тематике
На первый взгляд может показаться, что велосипедист является более легкой добычей, особенно в ночное время, чем, скажем всадник, и может быть атакован с большим успехом.
Во первых, велосипедист, разъезжающий ночью обычно следует всем правилам и использует фонарь, что ознаменует его приближение издалека. Так, как он находится на велосипеде, он может быть повален гораздо проще, чем если бы он был верхом на коне. Злоумышленник может вставить палку в колесо, резко дернуть за руль, натянуть тонкую проволочку на пути.
Защита при помощи велосипеда
С другой стороны, рассмотрим преимущества велосипедиста. Он движется тихо, «и проходит быстро, как призрак» (если с ним все в порядке, прим. пер.). Секундой раньше, секундой позже и пеший разбойник упустил момент нападения. Велосипедист, таким образом, имеет шанс проехать мимо него, прежде чем тот предпримет попытку действовать, и если ехать без света то имеется неплохой шанс обмануть злоумышленника если, конечно, хитрая ловушка не была заложена заранее. Предположим также, что речь идет о борьбе, будь то день или ночь, велосипедист имеет грозное оружие свой велосипед, который он может использовать для защиты или нападения большим числом способов, чем может показаться на первый взгляд.
Самозащита на колесах это искусство, полное возможностей. Велосипедист, который является умелым наездником, обладающий смелостью и характером, владеющий элементарными правилами защиты на велосипеде, и тот, что кто вооружен знаниями о том, как использовать машину в самом выгодном свете в качестве оружия, могут быть спокойны что смогут прекрасно защититься от нападения в самых разнообразных условиях.
Пешие бандиты
Когда разбойник стоит у вас на пути, и вы движетесь прямиком на него.
Сверните в последний момент, чтобы удивить его и проехать безопасно.
Но если вы попытаетесь просто проехать мимо.
Вы даете ему шанс поставить палку в колеса.
Perhaps the commonest occasion when a little knowledge
Nearly every cyclist carries a weapon on his machine which, under many circumstances, he may use with great effect: a strong, long, heavy metal pump offers as convenient a weapon as one could desire. Let the rider who is threatened
It is well to know how to utilise the momentum of a cycle in disabling an opponent to the best effect. To deliver a blow whilst riding — say, at the head of an objectionable small boy who has been indulging in the dangerous practice of throwing a cap at your wheel, and stands in need of punishment — or at the head of an assailant of larger growth — it is necessary to swerve suddenly as you come alongside, so that you throw the balance of your machine over towards your assailant! Leaning well over you deliver a swinging, slightly upward, and frontward, blow with your hand or your weapon. If the blow be timed well, the shock of the recoil — which, it must be understood, would otherwise be disastrous — will have no other effect than to throw your machine back into an upright position, and to cause you to regain your balance easily, when you may ride on in triumph.
A forward blow, since it acquires the additional momentum of the bicycle, may be delivered with great force when riding fast; conversely
There are occasions when it is safer, if attacked whilst cycling, to meet an assailant dismounted, rather than awheel. You may back wheel, and so directing it as it leaves then utilise your machine as a weapon — and your hands that the front wheel will come a very formidable weapon it becomes in the hands of the practised cyclist.
Here is a case in point. You are riding along a country road, when suddenly, you are startled by a man who springs in front of you from the hedge, and attempts to grab your machine. You have no opportunity to adopt the strategy of startling him by riding fast point blank at him, and then swerving; yet you must act on the instant if you are to protect yourself. Your best plan is this: — Spring backwards off your machine, and by pulling
(We will suppose in this case that you are not of the gentle sex. You may make the backward spring by jumping to the ground with the aid of the back step, or by springing clean to the ground from the saddle.)
You are now face to face with your assailant, with your machine reared up perpendicularly before you. You may retain
Струя воды является полезным оружием, инстинктивно сопоставимый с сильным ударом, например металлическим насосом.
That your antagonist will jump back from sheer surprise at the moment when you make your machine rear up, goes without saving. Seizing this opportunity, you take a short sharp run forward, and hurl your machine at your assailant, letting it run on its back wheel, and so directing it as it leaves your hands that the front wheel will come heavily down on top of him. He will necessarily stagger backwards under the weight of the machine, giving you a golden opportunity to make use of your fists.
It may not always be necessary, of course, to resort to these drastic measures. It is quite possible that in the surprise and confusion with which you cover your assailant when you cause your machine to rear, you may be able to make a quick dash past him, mount and ride away. Or you may await his attack, holding your cycle with its front wheel high in the air, and dealing him heavy blows with this wheel, without actually letting the machine leave your hands.
Here is another way in which a bicycle may be utilised both as a shield and as a weapon. You have dismounted, we will suppose, to meet on foot an unexpected attack. You should take care, under these circumstances, to place your machine between your assailant and yourself, holding
Использование велосипеда в качестве оружия


This will be when he advances upon you, and throws out one foot, preparatory to delivering a blow at you. The moment he assumes this, the attitude of the boxer when about to attack, make a quick movement of the machine, which will result in catching his outstretched leg, as though in a vice, between the front wheel of the cycle and the sloping bar of the frame. This grip is obtained by twisting
The various movements by which this happy termination of the incident is brought about should be done with one swift, strong, comprehensive sweep of the cycle, and a blow which should follow almost simultaneously, so that all will be over in a moment, and there will be nothing to prevent you from mounting and riding gaily on your way.
Another case: suppose you are standing face to face with an assailant who has approached close to you, and is threatening you with his fists. You have hold of your bicycle,
To protect yourself and make an attack to the best advantage, all that you have to do is to give your bicycle a slight push, so that it falls over on to your opponent; then, without a pause, aim as heavy a blow as may be at his chest or chin.
Instinctively, involuntarily, he will lower his hands to catch the bicycle and will step back unguardedly — thus offering you a golden opportunity for attack.
Simple as this little trick is, it is immensely effective when a dismounted cyclist finds himself driven to extremes in dealing with an aggressive assailant who approaches unwarrantably close to him; and it can hardly fail in result, for no one can make an effective assault with a bicycle falling up against his legs.
Not always, however, is it possible to deal with an assailant with such little
You will come upon him with an irresistible momentum, as though you had dropped from the sky, and if you have not sufficiently damaged him when he strikes the ground, you, at least, are on top. Afterwards, when you have dealt with him as you please, it is quite possible that you will find your wheel lying unharmed
The last three or four methods of defence that I have described are hardly suitable for use by lady cyclists, unless particularly
Застаньте вора врасплох


Unfortunately, it has happened more than once that lady riders have suffered annoyance from ill conditioned cyclists, who have followed them along lonely roads, and have ridden close behind them for long distances, not without making remarks. A lady rider thus pursued has a very simple remedy in her power with which she may easily upset anyone who persists, in cycling parlance, in «hanging on to» her back wheel.
Let the lady rider suddenly
The cyclist who is pursued by another cyclist may upset the latter in the way described with absolute certainty if the two machines are close together, in a line, and are travelling at, a high speed. When chased by another rider who is attempting to draw alongside in order to lay hands upon you, you may cause him a tremendous spill by suddenly swerving and riding across his path, so that your back wheel collides with his front wheel.
Смело едтьте в сторону нападающего, а затем прыгните со всей силы на него.


Когда вас преследует вор-сумочник
ometimes a cyclist needs
Another excelled method of putting on a brake,
Suppose that a cyclist has been run away with by his machine down a steep hill, and sees that a collision with a wall at the bottom is inevitable. As he approaches within a few yards of the wall, he should take both hands from the handles, and hold them out as far forward as possible in front of him. As his front wheel crashes up against the wall, and he is thrown forward, his arms will take the blow, and he will thus protect his head.
Another hint. When riding at night, or in traffic, it has sometimes happened that cyclists have been swept from their machines and badly hurt by running against
Sometimes a cyclist needs protection from the arm of the law, as when he finds himself many miles
Резко нажмите на тормоз, что заставит его врезаться в ваш велосипед передним колесом. В результате все довольны и сумки целы (см. ниже).
But here is a simple and reliable method for overcoming the difficulty. Let the benighted cyclist obtain a bottle — there should be no great difficulty in this in a civilised country — and a piece of candle. An ordinary white glass bottle with a long neck is best for this purpose. Then let him knock a hole in the bottom of the bottle, light the candle, and push it up the bottle's neck.
An excellent light, even though only of one candle power, is thus given, and the cyclist, holding out his bottle before him, may ride on boldly without fear of falling foul of the law.
So far the means
Let the cyclist afraid of highway robbery arm himself with an empty purse. Supposing the rider thus armed is menaced by a tramp in his path, who demands money, he has merely to throw the empty purse to the tramp, so that it falls to the side of the road, doing so, of course, with a great show of reluctance.
The tramp will naturally move to pick up the purse, giving the opportunity for escape.
Fair, but timid cyclists, riding after dark, will find much confidence in two purses, one for their own use, the other for the sole use and benefit of ungentlemanly night road gentlemen.
Source: Pearson's Magazine. Vol XI 28 1901 г.
Немного уроков олдскул самообороны от британских ученых.